The studies were conducted in order to analyze the nutritional value of the diets and basic biochemical
parameters of blood in highly productive dairy cows of the black-and-white breed in the Vologda Oblast. The following tasks were set: to assess the nutritional value of the diets, to study the biochemical parameters of blood, to analyze the relationship between the nutritional value of feed and metabolic profi les of animals. The novelty of the research consists in the fact that we study the biochemical parameters of the blood of highly productive cows and their connection with the balanced feeding of animals. The biochemical analysis of cattle blood determines
glucose content, reactions to ketone bodies, total protein content, urea, the level of reserve alkalinity, total content of calcium, inorganic phosphorus and carotene. Using the method of empirical research, it was found that cows in the farm are fed with the use of concentrated silage type of feeding, with a mass fraction of concentrates ranging from 43.5 to 61.5%, and the percentage of bulky feed varies from 56.5 to 38.5%. The diets are represented by a rich set of feed and balancing additives, different in chemical composition and nutritional value. The results of the blood test showed that the amount of glucose in the blood of cows was 40.00–37.80 mg/% at the rate of 40.00–47.00 mg/%, which indicates the optimal level of sugar in the diet of animals. Urea content ranged from 18.40 to 12.00 mg/% at the rate of 22.00–30.00 mg/%. It should be noted that the content of carotene varies from 0.30 to 0.29 mg/%. The study of the biochemical status of blood in cattle is of practical importance and serves as the basis for the detection of metabolic disorders in animals; the data will help obtain the productivity of dairy cattle of more than 9,000 kilograms of milk per lactation and ensure the health of highly productive cows. Currently, research is being conducted to develop a system of standardized feeding of highly productive cows, taking into account the biochemical status of the animal in different types of housing
Keywords
crude protein, cattle, diet, biochemical blood test, nutrition, ketone bodies, total protein