The article describes the scientific work for 2022–2023 on the issue of creating pastures formed on the basis of perennial cereal and legume grasses. The research was carried out at the experimental field of the Northwestern Dairy Farming and Grassland Management Research Institute – a separate subdivision of Vologda Research Center of RAS, located in the village of Dityatyevo, Vologda District. The aim of the research is to study the effect of mineral fertilizers and microbiological preparations on the productivity of perennial grasses of pasture use. The relevance of the paper is caused by the need to increase the production of highly nutritious forages and to maintain a satisfactory phytosanitary condition of crops by means (microbiological preparations) that allow to obtain environmentally safe products with preservation of soil fertility. We studied pasture agrophytocenoses created on the basis of festulolium Allegro, timotheevka meadow Leningradskaya 204, meadow fescue Sverdlovskaya 37, meadow bluegrass Balin, white clover Merlin, on different backgrounds in the conditions of the field experiment: with application of mineral fertilizers in doses N90Р60К90, N120Р60К90, N150Р60К90, with modification of mineral fertilizers with microbiological preparation, the basis of which is Gram-positive spore-forming bacterium Bacillus subtilis strain Ch-13, treatment of grasses after mowing by leaf with liquid microbiological fertilizer based on the same strain. The researches carried out in the region have shown the perspectivity of using perennial cereal and leguminous grasses with application of mineral fertilizers and microbiological preparations for formation of pasture agrophytocenoses, which for the second year of life had high conservation of valuable seedling species in the herbage, allowed providing obtaining 9,13–11,03 t/ha of dry matter, 92,65–111,62 GJ of exchangeable energy, 0,9–1,2 t/ha of digestible protein, 7,51–9,04 thousand fodder units. The most highly productive are multicomponent cereal grass mixtures of pasture use with modification of mineral fertilizers with microbiological preparation
Keywords
mineral fertilizers, productivity, pasture use, biopreparations, perennial grasses